As long as the temperature stays the same, the pressure increases. As more air goes in, the gas molecules get packed together, reducing their volume. A good example of this is when you fill a tire with air. Increasing the amount of space available will allow the gas particles to spread farther apart, but this reduces the number of particles available to collide with the container, so pressure decreases.ĭecreasing the volume of the container forces the particles to collide more often, so the pressure is increased. Boyle's law states that if the temperature is held constant, volume and pressure have an inverse relationship that is, as volume increases, pressure decreases, according to the University of California, Davis' ChemWiki (opens in new tab). Named after Robert Boyle, who first stated it in 1662. (Image credit: GeorgiosArt via Getty Images) (opens in new tab) Boyle's lawĬhemist Robert Boyle stated that if the temperature is held constant, volume and pressure have an inverse relationship that is, as volume increases, pressure decreases. Temperature, pressure, amount and volume of a gas are interdependent, and many scientists have developed laws to describe the relationships among them. Standard pressure is one atmosphere (atm) - the pressure exerted by the atmosphere on Earth at sea level. Standard temperature is the freezing point of water - 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius, or 273.15 Kelvin). In work involving gas temperature, the Kelvin scale is often used.īecause temperature and pressure vary from place to place, scientists use a standard reference point, called standard temperature and pressure (STP), in calculations and equations. Critical temperature (degrees Fahrenheit)īesides pressure, denoted in equations as P, gases have other measurable properties: temperature (T), volume (V) and number of particles, which is expressed in a mole number (n or mol).
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